第一届全国中学生模拟联合国大会

模拟联合国 (Model United Nations)，简称模联(MUN)，是对联合国大会和其它多边机构的仿真学术模拟，是为青年人组织的公民教育活动。在活动中，青年学生们扮演不同国家或其它政治实体的外交代表，参与围绕国际上的热点问题召开的会议。代表们遵循议事规则，在会议主席团的主持下，通过演讲阐述观点，为了“国家利益”辩论、磋商、游说。他们与友好的国家沟通协作，解决冲突；通过写作决议草案和投票表决来推进国际问题的解决。在模拟联合国，青年学生们通过亲身经历熟悉联合国等多边议事机构的运作方式、基础国际关系与外交知识，并了解世界发生的大事对他们未来的影响，了解自身在未来可以发挥的作用。^[1] 

为促进全国中学生彼此交流和学习，增强思辨能力，拓展国际视野，勇于追求梦想，打造有影响力的中学共青团工作品牌，发挥共青团实践教育在助推中学生成长成才方面的作用，由团中央学校部、团海南省委、海南省教育厅主办，海南中学承办的第一届全国中学生模拟联合国大会将于2014年12月17日－20日在海南中学举行。此项活动的举办，对于进一步提升海南省国际旅游岛形象和影响力，展示我省素质教育成果，促进中学生全面发展具有重要的意义。^[2] 

第一届全国中学生模拟联合国大会的会徽以地球为主体，传达出模联活动所具有的国际视野；下承和平橄榄枝，寓意联合国争取世界和平的伟大使命；中间黄色突出部分为中国版图，体现了中国青少年对于地球未来发展的责任感。

会徽顶端为大会名称，采用手写英文，打破常规，蕴含着青少年积极奋进，勇于创新的精神。

会徽以蓝色为主色，象征着梦想、正义、博爱与自由，彰显大会主题——“青春梦想与时代责任”。

In late 2013, Ukraine’s cabinet abandoned an agreement on establishing closer trade ties with the European Union while seeking closer co-operation with Russia. Small protests started. From then on, the Crimea crisis and the MH17 air crash made the situation in Ukraine more complicated.

The United Nations made an immediate reaction, as the UN Secretary-General called for full respect for and preservaton of the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine. Also he asked for an immediate restoration of calm and direct dialogue between all concerned parties to solve the crisis.

However, the historical background and the multi-party’s conflict of interest, all made the crisis remain unsolved. Ukraine attracts the whole world’s attention and the world is waiting for the resolution from the Security Council. How to rebalance the interests of all parties and pass a constructive resolution that gains the support of the Ukrainian people are both the challenge and the mission of the Security Council.

International and regional legal instruments have clarified the obligations of States to prevent, eradicate and punish violence against women and girls. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) requires that signatories of the Convention take all appropriate steps to end violence. However, the continued prevalence of violence against women and girls demonstrates that this global pandemic of alarming proportions is yet to be tackled with all the necessary political commitment, action and resources.

Countries have made some progress and initiatives developed to address and prevent violence against women and girls have increased throughout the world in recent years. However, gaps still remain in too many countries.

Non-communicable disease, or NCD, is a medical disease, which is non-infectious and not transferrable among human beings. The main causes of NCDs include random genetic abnormalities, heredity, lifestyle, environment, etc. It is distinguished only by non-transmissible cause. Their durations can vary greatly, from long duration and slow progression to more rapid death such as types of sudden stroke.

According to World Health Statistics 2014, half of the top 20 causes of premature deaths are infectious diseases, and maternal, neonatal and nutritional causes, while the other half are due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) or injuries. Globally, of the 36 million people who died from NCDs in 2005, around half of them are women and half of them are under 70. Out of the 57 million people died in 2008, 36 million of them died from NCDs, meaning that NCDs are responsible for approximately 63% of total deaths worldwide. Even worse, it is calculated by WHO that NCD deaths are projected to increase from 36 million in 2010 to 44 million in 2020. Researchers estimated that, if present growth trend are maintained, by the year of 2020, 7 of every 10 people’s deaths will be caused by NCDs, killing 52 million people annually. With such data being exposed, there is no surprise that NCDs’ preventions and controls are worked with world’s high priority.

During this conference, our committee hopes to establish a tangible solution with instructive measures to cease the growing tendency of NCD spreading and offer supports to the NCD patients. Delegates are expected to establish a more comprehensive plan based on current efforts of the UN and effective domestic policies.

作为联合国6个主要机构之一，经社理事会负责加强全球范围内经济和教育、科学、医疗、环境等社会各方面的发展，是政府、国际组织、非政府组织等加强联系、交流经验、区域合作的重要渠道。在这个委员会中，我们将共同讨论我们所关心的经济社会问题。随着全球化的发展，由经济社会发展不平衡导致的非法移民问题已经 成为困扰各国经济、社会甚至安全的重要问题。在这里，代表们将集中各国之力，商讨应对策略，为各国经济、社会的发展注入新的活力。

在本次非法移民问题中，经社理事会将尽其职能，从国际角度出发，根据非法移民问题产生的原因，促使各国就该问题的解决措施达成共识，进而使问题的解决方式趋于统一、合法。在此过程中，经社理事会将最大限度保证相关人员的基本权利，使问题得到最大限度的缓和。

本次会议的议题是“2020年后国际气候资金机制的建立和发展”。

资金在应对全球气候变化中有着非常重要的作用，绝大部分的应对措施最后都要落足在资金上。资金成为气候变化制度的要素之一，意味着在国际气候变化制度的构建中，将有相当一部分内容与资金机制相关。因此，讨论资金机制的建立，对于国际气候变化制度的构建，具有重要的价值和意义。

目前，涉及资金以及相关机制的问题十分突出，主要包括资金不足、公约框架内外的资金机制都有待完善、资金机制内部的基金种类繁多职能相互重叠等。

本次会议期待与会代表能对现存资金机制的不足和可能的调整、发展方向做出深入而细致的探讨，并达成相关的共识，使资金机制能为所有缔约方在2020年以后加强《气候公约》实施、减控温室气体排放和应对气候变化提供更加高效和实际的支持。

20世纪后半叶以来，亚洲国家努力摆脱二战影响，积极发展，在经济与社会发展方面取得了显着成就，在国际和地区事务中的影响力日益上升。特别是近二、三十年来，亚洲经济总体发展迅速，东亚经济实现了腾飞，创造了令世人瞩目的“东亚奇迹”。 正是在这样的背景下，亚洲亟需一个真正由亚洲人主导，从亚洲的利益和观点出发，专门讨论亚洲事务，旨在增进亚洲各国之间、亚洲各国与世界其它地区之间交流与合作的平台，博鳌亚洲论坛也就应运而生。

21世纪以来，世界迈上了全新的发展轨道，传统的高能耗发展模式显然已经无法适应当今社会。发展努力求新求变的亚洲也一直在探索一套真正适合新兴国家的新兴能源模式。

而此时此刻，我们相聚在博鳌亚洲论坛，就亚洲新动力展开讨论。亚洲21世纪的新未来、新世界，正需要你新思维。

大会开幕式剪影 (7张)

第一届全国中学生模拟联合国大会在海南大学思源学堂成功开幕，本次大会是团中央学校部为促进全国各地中学生加强彼此学习和交流，拓展广阔国际视野，以青春力量担负时代责任的实践教育活动，让学生感受联合国多变舞台的精彩，在活动中践行社会主义核心价值观，为中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦贡献力量！